Basic Chemistry Formulas

Chemistry is the scientific study of matter and its properties, composition, structure, and the changes that occur during chemical reactions. 

It provides the foundation for understanding the world around us, from the structure of matter to the interactions between different elements. Here are some basic concepts.

Percentage Yield Formula 

                                      Actual 
Percentage  Yield = -------------------------    
                                  Theoretical yield x 100


                           The mass of one atom of the element

Atomic mass formula 

Atomic mass = --------------------------------------  = Eq. mass X valency      
                          1/12 Mass of an atom of C-12


                                   Eq. mass x Valency                           6.4      
Alomic  mass       =    ------------------------------------ =   ---------------------
                                   Atomicity Specific heat (cal/g)     Specific heat (Cal/g)

Number of gram atoms formula 
                                                        w(g)
Number of gram atoms = -------------------------------
                                           Gram atomic mass (GAM)


                                                        w(g)
Number of gram molecules   = --------------------------
                                                   Gram Atomic mass 


                                                                     w(g)
Number of gram equivalents=   --------------------------------
                                                      Gram equivalent mass (GEM)


                                                      Atomic mass
Equivalent mass of an element = -----------------
                                                            Valency


Concepts of chemistry Formula



                                                Molecular mass of acid
Equivalent mass of an acid = -------------------------
                                                          Basicity


                                                Molecular  mass of base
Equivalent mass of a base = ------------------------------
                                                   Acidity


                                             Mass of the element
Percentage composition= -------------------------------- *100
                                          Molar mass of compound


                           Mass of solute

     Mass = --------------------------------*100
                             Mass of solution

Molarity formula 

                           WB  * 1000
Molarity = -------------------------
                           MB* V (in ml)

Normality formula 

                          WB *1000
Normality = --------------------
                    EMB* V(in mL)


                              WB *1000
Molality (m)= --------------------
                            MB Wa (in g)

Mole fraction formula 

                                     NB                      NA
Mole fraction XB  = ------------- And --------------
                                   NA + NB                         NA +NB

Molecular mass= 2 x Vapour density

where,  WB =Mass of solute, MB= Molecular mass of solute, WA =Mass ol solvent

Number of moles= Molarity * Volume

Number of equivalents =Normality * Volume

Molecular formula= n * Empirical formula


              Molecular formula mass
n = -----------------------------------
             Empirical formula mass

Structure of Atom formula 

The radius of nucleus (R) = R0 A1/3

Ro = Constant (= 1.33 x 10 -13 cm)

A= Mass number of atom

Maximum no, of spectral lines produced when an electron

Jumps from n ----> 1 = n(n - 1) / 2

Magnetic moment = (L{n+2)B.M)1/2

Spin angular momentum= ys(s+1)

Spin multiplicity= 2S+ 1

S=Sum of Spin Quantum numbers

Radial nodes=n- l-1; Angular nodes=l

Total no, of nodes  = n -i


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