Centrifugal Pump Construction, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages

Centrifugal pumps are dynamic pressure pumps, they work on the principle of centrifugal force. A centrifugal Pump is a hydraulic machine that converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. It does so with the help of centrifugal force on the displaced fluid.

Construction

Its main parts are as follows- 

Electric motor: It is used to rotate the pump impeller and provide power. 

Coupling: By this, the motor is connected to the shaft of the impeller. 

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Impeller: It is the rotating part of the pump that does the work of rotating the fluid that rotates in the stationary casing.

Cosing: The impeller rotates inside it and due to the special flow path of the casing, the kinetic energy of the liquid is converted into pressure energy. In this way, water leaves in the air left. As long as the air is supplied through the air pipe, the water keeps coming out through the reduction pipe. 

Centrifugal pump working principle

The basic principle of operation of a centrifugal pump is - force rotational flow. This means that when an external torque is applied to a fluid, it increases the pressure head of the moving fluid. This increase in pressure is directly proportional to the velocity of the liquid. 

Thus, the pressure rise at the impeller outlet is greater, resulting in a discharge of liquid at higher pressure at the outlet. Due to this high-pressure head, the displaced liquid is raised to a higher height in the centrifugal pump system.

Centrifugal Pump Formula

If the value of (L -H) is less than H then they get the result. No mathematical theory is completely developed for this centrifugal pump. But on the basis of experiments.

Va = 8HT/log(Hs + 34)/34

Va = Volume of air regarded to left galon at w

Ht = Total left

Hs = Running rubber gamce

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages 

It does not have any moving parts so it does not require lubrication.

The liquid is not required in a centrifugal pump.

The cost of the centrifugal pump is low and it is reliable.

Disadvantage

Its maximum mechanical efficiency is 301.

Applications

(i) It is useful for rising to a certain height in a certain depth of oil or water.

(ii) They are used to pump water inside the boils

Also Read: Reciprocating Pump Working, Construction, and Uses 

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