Constant volume batch reactor means constant volume reaction system, when we maintain a constant volume bath reactor, then we actually take the volume of the reaction mixture instead of the volume of the reaction. The reaction system whose volume does not change is called constant value & constant density system.
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Suppose the following is a gas phase reaction.
\[ A+B ⟶ 3R\]
in this reaction the number of moles of reactant is equal to the number of moles of product. Hence it is a constant volume system.
\[CO + H_2O ⟶ CO_2 + H_2\]
The rate of reaction for any i compound is displayed as follows.
\[r_i = {dN_i}/{dt}\]
As the volume is constant we can take V in side the differential.
\[r_i = ({dN_i}/V)/{dt}\]
As \[C_i = N_i/V\]
\[r_1 = {dC_i}/{dt}\]
\[r_i = \text"Mole of formed"/ \text"Volume of fluid & time"\]
CVBR ExamplesÂ
A pot of soup on a stove is a simple CVBR. Ingredients are added, heated, and react to create the final dish. The pot's volume remains constant, and reactant concentrations change as the soup cooks.
CVBR AdvantageÂ
i). Its design is simple and easy to operate.Â
ii). It has good control over reaction conditions.
iii). Suitable for small scale and research purposes.
DisadvantageÂ
i). It is not suitable for continuous production.Â
ii). This may require additional equipment for heat transfer and mixing.Â
iii). Limited scalability.
Rate of Reaction for Ideal Gas
The rate of reaction for an ideal gas is obtained by using the ideal gas law and the rate equation. The ideal gas law states that the pressure (P) of an ideal gas is proportional to the number of moles of gas (n), volume (V) and temperature of the gas (T), and inversely proportional to the gas constant (R).
The rate equation for a chemical reaction is an expression that relates the rate of the reaction to the concentrations of reactants and products. For a second order reaction, the rate equation is of the form:
\[\rate =\-k * [A]^2\]
Where:
rate is the rate of the reaction
k is the rate constant
[A] is the concentration of reactant A
\[P_i V = RT N_i\]
\[P_i = {RT N_i}/V\]
\[r_i = (1/T)* {dP_i}/{dt}\]
Partial
The rate of reaction for any component is obtained per unit time under the partial pressure.